Tanaman Pulutan (Urena Lobata)

Tangkai daun tanaman pulutan mempunyai ukuran panjang sekitar 0,2-12 cm, dengan permukaan yang berbulu. Bunga tanaman pulutan ini muncul pada ketiak daun, berkelompok 2-3 bunga, berbentuk seperti lonceng berwarna merah muda. Kelopka bunga tanaman pulutan bulat telur dengan ukuran, 1,5 cm. Kepala sari bunga tanaman pulutan terletak di bagian atas, berwarna ungu, dengan serbuk sari yang berwarna putih. Buah tanaman pulutan terdiri dari 5 bersegi tiga, tidak membelah, bakal biji 1, dengan ukuran panjangnya sekitar 4-5 mm, ditutupi dengan bulu berduri dan penutup tebal rambut seperti bintang. Biji reniform, panjang 2,5-3,5 mm, keras berbulu ke gundul, berwarna coklat. Bibit dengan perkecambahan epigeal. Budidaya tanaman pulutan ini berkembang biak dengan cara biji. Habitat tanaman pulutan membutuhkan iklim yang panas dan lembab dengan sinar matahari yang cukup dan curah hujan yang banyak, tanah subur baik dikeringkan. Tanaman pulutan menyukai suhu rata-rata 21-27 ° C, kelembaban relatif 73-85%, dan curah hujan bulanan 160-210 mm selama musim tanam, dengan syarat hidup dari dataran rendah sampai 2000 m dari permukaan air laut.
Urena lobata adalah jenis tanaman yang berasal dari keluarga Malvaceae. Ini adalah tanaman yang biasanya digunakan untuk tujuan non-kuliner.
Deskripsi Tanaman: Tanaman pulutan (Urena lobata) adalah semak yang dapat tumbuh hingga ketinggian sekitar 1 hingga 2 meter. Daunnya berbentuk hati dan bunga-bunganya berwarna merah muda hingga ungu.
Penggunaan Tradisional: Di beberapa tempat, tanaman ini
telah digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk berbagai tujuan, seperti
mengobati penyakit kulit dan gangguan pernapasan. Daunnya juga digunakan dalam
beberapa budaya sebagai bahan pewarna alami.
Asal Usul Geografis: Urena lobata adalah tanaman yang tersebar luas di daerah tropis dan subtropis, termasuk Asia Selatan, Afrika, dan Amerika Latin. Di beberapa tempat, tanaman ini dapat tumbuh secara liar sebagai gulma.
What is Pulutan?
The pulutan (Urena lobata), also commonly known as
Caesarweed or Congo Jute is a plant that has a height of 0.5 meters (1.6 feet)
to 2.5 meters (8.2 feet). The stem is covered with small purple star-like
hairs. This plant is often considered a weed widespread in tropical areas,
including Brazil and Southeast Asia.
This plant grows with a single stem and has dense branches.
The shape of the leaves is palmately lobed (spread like fingers on a hand).
Like the stem, the leaves of the pulutan plant also have tiny hairs. The
flowers of this plant are pink-purple one centimeter wide. The fruit is also
hairy.
This plant can thrive in areas that have ecological
disturbances as well as places such as plantations and grasslands. Caesarweed
is considered an invasive species in the state of Florida, United States.
There, this plant grows perennially in most areas except in the southern
region. In Florida, pulutans are reported to grow rapidly from 0.5 meters (1.6
feet) to 2 meters (6.6 feet) in their first year of growth.
This pulutan plant is considered dangerous for the survival
of other plants because of its aggressive weed-invasive nature and its growth
fast in various types of soil. The physical characteristics of this pulutan
plant are heart-shaped leaves with uneven leaf edges. This pulutan plant has a
sweet taste. The function and use of the pulutan plant may be considered by
some people in Indonesia as a wild plant and used as animal feed.
The pulutan plant is a type of plant from the cotton plant
family (Malvaceae). This pulutan plant includes annual shrubs standing upright
with a plant size of about 0.5-2.5 m. Pulutan plant stems are round with many
branches that spread up to 4-5 m, purplish brown, and slightly hairy. The roots
of this pulutan plant have a taproot of about 20-40 and also long lateral roots
of up to 2 m. The leaves of the pulutan alternate plant (spread spirally), the
leaves of this pulutan plant vary significantly in size and shape, the
lanceolate stipules are oval with a length of about 2-4 mm, taper at the tip of
the leaf, green in color, and many leaf veins.
The leaf stalks of the pulutan plant are about 0.2-12 cm
long, with a hairy surface. The flowers of this pulutan plant appear in the
leaf axils, in groups of 2-3 flowers, shaped like pink bells. The flower petals
of the pulutan plant are ovoid in size, 1.5 cm. The flower anthers of the
pulutan plant are located at the top, and are purple in color, with white
pollen. The fruit of the pulutan plant consists of 5 triangular, not dividing,
1 ovule, about 4-5 mm long, covered with spiny hairs and a thick covering of
star-like hair. Reniform seeds, 2.5-3.5 mm long, hard hairy to glabrous, brown.
Seedlings with epigeal germination. The cultivation of this pulutan plant
reproduces by means of seeds. Pulutan plant habitat requires a hot and humid
climate with sufficient sunlight and lots of rainfall, fertile, well-drained
soil. Pulutan plants prefer an average temperature of 21-27°C, 73-85% relative
humidity, and a monthly rainfall of 160-210 mm during the growing season, with
conditions living from the lowlands to 2000 m from sea level.
Used for?
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The pulutan plant is efficacious for treating intestinal complaints, colitis,
bladder, stomach ache, diarrhea, and dysentery.
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The pulutan plant is useful for treating colic pain
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Pulutan plant is used to cure gonorrhea venereal disease.
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Pulutan plant for treating fever.
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Pulutan plant as a medicine for malaria.
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The pulutan plant is useful for external medicine for broken bones, wounds,
mastitis, skin diseases and snake bites.
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The roots of the pulutan plant are used to treat rheumatism, lumbago, colds,
dysentery, enteritis, goiter, indigestion, vaginal discharge, malaria,
rheumatism and tonsillitis.
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Pulutan twigs are chewed to treat toothache
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The leaves of the pulutan plant are used to cure diuretic pain, skin
protectors, coolers, styptic drugs.
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The flower of the pulutan plant is used as a cough medicine, gargle for sore
throat and as an expectorant.
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The seeds of the pulutan plant are used for worming.
Distribution and The name
The Latin name for the pulutan plant is Urena Lobata L.
Meanwhile, in English, the other names for the pulutan plant are Caesarweed and
Congo Jute. According to the history of the origin of the pulutan plant, it
comes from Asia or Africa. The distribution of this pulutan plant is
distributed in a wild or naturalized state throughout tropical and subtropical
regions, including Southeast Asia, Africa, Madagascar, Brazil, and India.
Sundanese: Pungpurutan
Indonesia: Pungpulutan
Sumatra: Pulut
Java: Pulutan


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